The fastest-growing black hole ever recorded – devouring the equivalent of one sun every day – has been discovered by researchers at The Australian National University (ANU). 

Lead author Associate Professor Christian Wolf from ANU said it’s a record he doesn’t think will ever be beaten.  

“The incredible rate of growth also means a huge release of light and heat,” Associate Professor Wolf said. “So, this is also the most luminous known object in the universe. It’s 500 trillion times brighter than our sun.” 

Co-author Dr Christopher Onken added: “It’s a surprise it remained undetected until now, given what we know about many other, less impressive black holes. It was hiding in plain sight.” 

The black hole has a mass roughly 17 billion times that of our solar system’s sun. 

It was first detected using a 2.3 metre telescope at the ANU Siding Spring Observatory near Coonabarabran in NSW. The research team then turned to one of the largest telescopes in the world – the European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope – to confirm the full nature of the black hole and measure its mass.  

“The light from this black hole has travelled over 12 billion years to reach us,” Professor Rachel Webster from the University of Melbourne said.  

“In the adolescent universe, matter was moving chaotically and feeding hungry black holes. Today, stars are moving orderly at safe distances and only rarely plunge into black holes.” 

The intense radiation comes from the accretion disc around the black hole, which is the holding pattern for all the material waiting to be devoured.  

“It looks like a gigantic and magnetic storm cell with temperatures of 10,000 degrees Celsius, lightning everywhere and winds blowing so fast they would go around Earth in a second,” Associate Professor Wolf said. 

“This storm cell is seven light years across, which is 50 per cent more than the distance from our solar system to the next star in the Galaxy, alpha Centauri. 

“We were only able to make these discoveries because of The Australian Government’s 10-year partnership with the European Southern Observatory (ESO).” 

The research was done in collaboration with the ESO, University of Melbourne and the Sorbonne Université in France.

The researchers’ findings are published in Nature Astronomy. 

Top image: Artist’s impression showing the record-breaking quasar J059-4351. Photo: ESO/M. Kornmesser

Contact the media team

Jess Fagan

Media Manager


You may also like

Article Card Image

Apocalypse tomorrow: how AI is changing war

As artificial intelligence changes our battlefields how can we maintain restraint and humanity in our military campaigns?

Article Card Image

Are data breaches the new normal? Should we just assume our data isn’t safe?

It may seem like headlines about data breaches are becoming a more frequent occurrence. Here's how to protect yourself online.

Article Card Image

ANU desalination breakthrough to bolster global water security as planet warms 

A simpler and more cost-efficient method for removing salt from seawater using heat, developed by scientists from The Australian National University (ANU), could address unprecedented global water shortages. 

Subscribe to ANU Reporter